SOMERVILLE, S/L Ian (C4799) - Air Force Cross - No.15 EFTS - Award effective 16 April 1943 as per London Gazette of 13 April 1943 and AFRO 1035/43 dated 4 June 1943. Born 22 September 1908. Enlisted in Vancouver, 7 February 1940 and posted to Trenton; granted rank of Sergeant as of that date. To uncertain posting, 27 May 1940. To No.31 EFTS, 5 November 1941. Commissioned in rank of Flight Lieutenant, 10 November 1941. To No.15 EFTS, 18 March 1942. Promoted Squadron Leader, 1 January 1943. To “Y” Depot, 10 March 1944. Overseas as of 12 March 1944. Repatriated 10 September 1945. To No.1 Air Command, 21 September 1945. To Test and Development Centre, Rockcliffe, 26 October 1945. To No.9 Surplus Equipment and Holding Unit, 6 November 1945. Returned to Test and Development Centre, Rockcliffe, 22 December 1945. To No. 8 Release Centre, 6 July 1946. Retired 19 July 1946. Award presented. RCAF photo PL-33446 (ex UK-15750 dated 11 October 1944) taken outside Buckingham Palace following investiture. The following citation found in Governor General\'s Records, RG.7 Group 26, Volume 57, file for 1943. Squadron Leader Somerville has been employed as Chief Flying Instructor at this school for the past ten months. The keen interest afforded by this officer to the training of every pupil at this school, coupled with his enthusiasm and devotion to duty, has made him an outstanding example to all instructors under him. He is an above average flying instructor and a capable officer who has completed a total of 2,588 flying hours, of which 1,288 hours are instructional given over a period of eighteen months. RCAF Press Release 6967 dated 7 May 1946 gives the following account from his participation in Exercise MUSK OX: Enthusiastic tribute was paid to Squadron Leader Ian Somerville of Trail, B.C. by the senior U.S. Air Force officer attached to Exercise Musk Ox for risking his life to fly a doctor to two men in a glider crash north of Fort Nelson. In a letter to Air Vice-Marshal A.L. James, Air Member for Research and Development at RCAF Headquarters, the U.S. officer, Lieutenant-Colonel Edward G. Butler, paid tribute to Somerville’s resourcefulness, skill and alertness and personal bravery. The accident occurred when a glider, loaded with a heavy engine, landed at high speed on an ice-covered lake. The nose ploughed into the snow and turned partly over. So heavy was the engine it tore loose from its moorings and pinned the American pilot and Canadian co-pilot into the nose. The former suffered shock and back injuries and the latter escaped serious injury. Squadron Leader Somerville volunteered to land a power glider on the lake with a doctor, although he was warned that a “pickk-up” of the power glider might be impossible with the result that he would have to remain on the lake for sa week until a ground party could reach him. As it happened another glider, as well as the power glider piloted by Somerville, were picked up and towed back to base. “I cannot compliment this officer too highly”, wrote Lieutenant-Colonel Butler. “Although his work with us in the past few months has been exceptionally fine, I feel that a definite service was rendered to the United States Army Air Force on this occasion. I felt he made this decision [to attempt the landing] with complete disregard for his own personal safety.”

NESBITT, F/O John Carleton (C45065) - Air Force Cross - Station Edmonton - Award effective 21 April 1945 as per Canada Gazette of that date and AFRO 802/45 dated 11 May 1945. Enlisted in Winnipeg, 4 January 1941. Born 26 December 1910. Enlisted in Winnipeg, 4 January 1941 and posted to No.4 Manning Depot. To No.8 BGS, 27 January 1941. To No.4 Training Command, 13 April 1941. To Trenton, 24 May 1941. To No.5 EFTS, 6 July 1941 as instructor; granted rank of Sergeant, 7 July 1941 and then given Leave Without Pay. Recalled to Active Service, 1 December 1942 (still at No.5 EFTS, with rank of WO2, effective 7 July 1942). To No.6 SFTS, 9 January 1943. To No.1 Flying Instructor School, 16 April 1943. To AFHQ, 12 June 1943. To Northwest Staging Route, 10 September 1943. Commissioned 23 December 1943. To No.6 Communications Flight, 18 February 1944. Promoted Flying Officer, 23 June 1944. To No.3 Release Centre, 20 June 1945. Retired 22 June 1945. Died 3 February 1982 at Precinct No. 2, Crockett, Texas. Home given as Calgary, so he may have been in oil business. No citation in AFRO. Governor General's Records (RG.7 Group 26, Vol.58, file 190-I, dossier 6) has citation. When recommended he had flown 2,488 hours, of which 510 were in previous six months. // During the past two years this officer has displayed outstanding devotion in the performance of his flying duties. It has involved long hard hours in summer and winter throughout the North West Territory and along the Arctic coast. On one occasion he searched for and located a schooner that had foundered and made several landings among ice floes in an effort to reach the ship and effect an possible rescue. Over a lengthy period of time this officer has demonstrated that he is a very efficient and resourceful pilot. // NOTE: The search for a schooner involved the Cally, wrecked with the loss of twelve lives near Baillie Island, Northwest Territories. On 30 September 1944 he was in the area looking for survivors. In this he was unsuccessful, being hampered both by weather and ice conditions.. See RCAF file 976-3, "Search and Rescue - Operations - Aircraft Cases" in National Archives of Canada, RG.24, Box 18,114.

MAWDESLEY, G/C Frederick Joseph (C49) - Air Force Cross - No.5 Bombing and Gunnery School - Award effective as of 1 January 1945 as per London Gazette of that date, Canada Gazette dated 6 January 1945 and AFRO 89/45 dated 19 January 1945. Born 11 March 1891 in Castle Caulfield, Tyrone, Ireland. Enlisted as Gunner, 31st Battery, Canadian Field Artillery, 22 June 1915. Went overseas, 11 March 1916; to France, 14 July 1916 with Third Division Artillery Column. Served as Corporal and Acting Sergeant. Returned to Canadian Artillery Regimental Depot, England, 2 May 1917, for officer training. To 3rd Reserve Battalion, 1 September 1917; commissioned 2 September 1917. To 123rd Pioneer Battalion, 17 November 1917. To France, 28 November 1917. Returned to England, 20 May 1918. Seconded that date to RAF for training as Observer. Observer in the RAF; to No.1 School of Aeronautics and School of Aerial Gunnery, 15 June 1918. To Eastchurch, 22 June 1918. Gazetted as Observer, 1 August 1918. To France, 11 August 1918. To No,49 Squadron, 12 August 1918. Wounded in foot, 25 August 1918. Hospitalized, 28 August 1918; to No.1 School of Aeronautics, 28 October 1918. To No.1 T.W. School (whatever that is), 13 May 1919. Relinquished commission, same date. Demobilized from CEF, 23 December 1919. Had taken some courses with RAF, early 1919. Reported his flying as Observer to be ten hours on Avro 504K, 25 on Bristol Fighter, 225 on DH.9 and 20 on Handley-Page. Appointed Flying Officer (Observer), Canadian Air Force, 18 February 1920. To No.1 Wing, Camp Borden, 3 January 1921. On 17 August 1921 he is shown as Adjutant of No.1 Squadron, Camp Borden, and continued as such when it became Training Depot Station (October 1921). Promoted Flight Lieutenant, 1 September 1921. To Air Headquarters, 25 October 1922 (staff duty as assistant to Staff Officer Personnel and special duties relating to drafting of Pay and Allowance Regulations as well as King’s Regulations and Orders for the new RCAF . Commissioned in RCAF, 1 April 1924 in Ottawa. With F/L Higgins, told that he would have to learn to fly as condition of promotion. Posted from Air Headquarters to Camp Borden for flying training, 6 April 1924, reporting 7 April 1924. There was a lack of aircraft and in April he logged only 45 minutes dual. In May he got 4.40 dual (total 5.25). In August 1924 he got 4.50 dual (total 27.35) and 16.10 solo (total 18.40) but progress was slow. He made a cross-country flight of 69 miles on 25 September 1924, a landing test on 26 September, and a second cross-country flighy of 102 miles on 2 October. His height test was on 3 October 1924. On 16 October 1924 his instructor, F/L Brookes, reported that he had 34.20 dual and 43.15 solo; his approaches and landings were erratic and often dangerous. S/L Anderson doubted his ability to improve, and after some further instruction and a test by S/L Anderson, his flying was discontinued on 27 October 1924, pending further orders from Air Headquarters. He had not crashed or damaged any aircraft, During his time at Camp Borden he had lectured to Second Term pupils on Army Organization and to Third Term pupils on Air Force Law and Administration. Because of his keenness to fly and qualities in other respects, on 29 November 1924 the Director, RCAF (G.C J.S. Scott) authorized Mawdesley to receive three more hours of instruction with an instructor of his choice. He went on leave, 4 December 1924 to 11 January 1925, and on his return to RCAF duty, R.S. Grandy took over Mawdesley’s instruction. Between 13 January and 11 February 1925, Mawdesley flew 3.55 dual and 1.05 solo (total 41.05 dual and 45.20 spread over nine months and 29 days since 7 April 1924. Grandy reported that he had passed some tests (height, landing, cross-country, turns, figures of eight, stalling, side-slipping and forced landings), leaving tests in passenger carrying, cloud and rough weather flying, use of vacuum controls and compass test still to be done. The forced landing test had been passed in the period. He still lacked judgement in distance but later improved. He showed outstanding keenness for flying but little natural flying ability. He was over-confident. Grandy recommended that he be given two hours dual and two hours solo to allow him to finish the course. Air Headquarters agreed. On 25 March 1925, Grandy reported that Mawdesley had completed all tests for his flying badge (total 43.55 dual and 48.30 solo on Avro 504K). He was authorized to wear wings as of 25 March 1925. Posted to Vancouver, 14 July 1925, for seaplane training and subsequently serving there with No.1 Squadron to 15 May 1926 (much work at Prince Rupert). Promoted Flight Lieutenant, 25 January 1926. To Winnipeg, 15 May1926 and service at No.1 Wing. On command to RAF Pilotage Course, Calshot, England, 15 December 1926 to 29 May 1927. While there he flew 107 hours, mostly on Southampton flying boats with a little time on Fairey IIID (18 January to 18 May 1927) . To Winnipeg Air Station, 1 July 1927. On command from Winnipeg to Headquarters, 26 November 1927, and to Camp Borden, 1 December 1927 to 3 March 1928. To Air Headquarters, 4 March 1928 to 11 April 1928. Assumed temporary command of Winnipeg Air Station (vice Stevenson), 15 December 1928. Relinquished command of Winnipeg Air Station, 5 February 1929 (to Anderson). From Winnipeg Air Station to Civil Government Air Operations Branch, Ottawa, 12 December 1929. To be Superintendent of Personnel, CGAO, 1 March 1930. On command to No.2 General Purpose Detachment, 3 July 1930. From CGAO HQ to Camp Borden, 15 August 1931. On command from Camp Borden to Ottawa Air Station, for duty with Belle Isle Detachment, 25 July 1932. On exchange from Camp Borden to RAF, 23 March 1933 (No.210 Squadron, Pembroke Dock). Ceases that and transferred from Courses Abroad to No.4 (Flying Boat) Squadron, Vancouver, 8 May 1935. Promoted Squadron Leader, 8 September 1936. While with No,4 (FB) Squadron he made a mercy flight in Fairchild 633 to transport injured employee of Consolidated Mining and Smelting from Anyox to Prince Rupert (15 December 1937), while in Temporary Duty at Prince Rupert. Also in 1937 he flew the Governor-General (Lord Tweedsmuir) in British Columbia during his visit to that province. Posted from Vancouver to Trenton, 23 February 1938. To No.4 (BR) Squadron, 1 October 1939. Promoted Wing Commander, 1 January 1940. Posted to Trenton, 24 March 1940 to command School of Administration. To No.1 Training Command Headquarters, 16 May 1941. To Western Air Command Headquarters, 25 November 1941 (Staff Officer Training in December 1942). Promoted Group Captain, 1 May 1943 and posted to No.5 BGS, Dafoe that date. Left No.5 BGS, Dafoe, 10 January 1945. Retired 7 July 1945. As of 8 January 1945 he had accumulated 5,269 hours flying (Hitchins cards). See also Jack Hunter, “Mawdie”, Journal of the Canadian Aviation Historical Society, Volume 33, No.2 (Summer 1995). This officer, as commanding officer of a Bombing and Gunnery School, by his energy and good leadership, has brought the functioning of this station to a high level of efficiency. Throughout a long flying career he has made an excellent record as a pilot and instructor and has at all times taken a keen and active interest in the progress and welfare of those undergoing flying training. By his personal example of leadership, ability and devotion to duty he has set a high standard for all officers to follow. NOTES: R.A. Logan recounted, “When the time came that observers had to learn to fly, Mawdesley had a very hard time. Grandy proved to be the only one who could teach him to fly. Eventually, to everybody’s relief and amazement, Mawdesley received his pilot’s wings. Grandy received the OBE.” It is little known that this officer, a notorious “character” in RCAF lore, was recommended for the Trans-Canada Trophy (McKee) Trophy by S/L N.R. Anderson, Commanding Officer, Station Winnipeg. The letter in question, dated 18 January 1930, was from Anderson to the Department of National Defence (RCAF file 821-4, Volume 2, National Archives of Canada, RG.24 Volume 17795). It is desired to draw your attention to the following facts concerning an officer of this Station who is considered fully qualified, on account of the specially meritorious work performed by him in 1929, to receive the award of the Trans-Canada Trophy. Flight Lieutenant F.J. Mawdesley, a Permanent Officer of the RCAF, Commanding Cormorant Lake Base of the Winnipeg Air Station, performed continuous excellent service as a pilot during the year 1929. His efforts were instrumental in proving the exceptional merit and usefulness of the air service afforded Canada in general and Dominion Government in particular by the Directorate of Civil Government Air Operations. His flying time for the year will probably not compare favourably with that of some Commercial Pilots, whose long continuous air journeys soon pile up flying hours. Nevertheless, Flight Lieutenant Mawdesley’s flying time for March 12th to December 12th, 1929, amounted to 533 hours, and included no less than 566 landings, many of which were carried out under difficult and trying conditions. On one suppression flight carried out on May 10th, this officer made no less than eleven landings to disembark fire fighters at forest fires. On March 28th this officer carried out a detection patrol to Island, God’s and Oxford Lakes from Cormorant Lake, landing at the Settlements on each lake. He discovered that there had been considerable sickness at the Settlements, resulting in about 22 deaths at Island Lake and six deaths at God’s Lake during February 1929. On the return journey he reported these facts to the Indian Agent at Norway House, and on March 31st he again flew to Island and God’s Lake carrying with him the Indian Agent, Doctor and RCMP Constable from Norway House. The Indian Agent sent the following message at the conclusion of the flight: “Appreciate prompt manner in which plane responded to request for flight to Island and God’s Lake. Reports of recent deaths, sickness and destitution necessitated immediate action. Alternative transport by dog train considered hazardous at present and would have subjected al concerned to serious delay. Special flight enabled me to make immediate arrangements for relief of distress occasioned by deaths, opportunity to conduct inquiries. The Doctor was also essential for teeth extraction and provision of medicine.” A message received from the Bishop of Keewatin on May 2, 1929, requested a special flight from Cormorant Lake to York Factory on the Hudson’s Bay, for the purpose of carrying a Doctor and two nurses in to Archdeacon Faries, who was seriously ill with typhoid fever. His wife was breaking down under the strain and required assistance of two nurses. At daybreak on the 3rd May Flight Lieutenant Mawdesley got off from Cormorant Lake in Fairchild XT with a Doctor and two nursing sisters from The Pas, and a mechanic. They reached York Factory at 2.15 in the afternoon. The ice on Hudson’s Bay in front of the Post was very rough, but Flight Lieutenant Mawdesley landed the Fairchild without damage. Shortly after arrival a terrific gale and snow storm came on which piled the snow in enormous drifts around the aircraft as high as the wings, and prevented the departure for Cormorant Lake for three days. At 6.50 a.m. on May 6th, the Pilot after skilful manoeuvring between the drifts finally got the aeroplane off and reached Cormorant Lake at 12.25 p.m., bringing the Doctor and mechanic out with him. The Bishop of Keewatin said, “We appreciate the fine service rendered by your Cormorant Lake Sub-Station, which evidently was the means of saving the life of a valuable Missionary.” This Flight was carried out at a time when the Commercial Aviation Companies operating in the vicinity had removed their aircraft from the ice to await the Spring break-up. During the period March 12th to May 11th, 1929, when the ice was still on the lakes around Cormorant this Pilot dealt with eleven forest fires for the Forest Service, transporting fire hose, fire pumps, fire fighters and supplies to fires, which could not be reached quickly enough, and in some cases not at all, by any other means of transportation. From May 6th to May 11th the fire hazard was very bad. At this time of year the snow had disappeared and the sun is strong enough to dry out the moss and undergrowth of the forest before the leaves come on. Unobserved fires, which may have been smoldering in the muskeg all winter log break out at this time of the year and spread to the adjoining coniferous forest, doing great damage. The streams are free of ice, but the lakes are only free along the shore line and travel across country by other means than air is impossible. Under such conditions Flight Lieutenant Mawdesley changed his Fairchild from skis to wheels and continued to land fire fighters and fire fighting equipment on the ice in the centre of the lakes, sending them ashore across the intervening water space in a collapsible canoe, which he carried in the aircraft. This action enabled the Forest Service to deal with fires until the ice in the centre of the lake became too soft to operate aircraft any longer. His work for the Forest Service at the dangerous fire hazard period, just before break-up, was exceptionally commendable, and proved of great assistance in controlling the fire situation in the Cormorant Lake District at the most difficult time of the year. A transportation aircraft was prepared to take a Government Survey party into Pukkatawagan from Cormorant Lake, but during the preliminary test flight the propellor was badly damaged owing to the radiator filler cap working loose and falling onto the airscrew. The nearest spare airscrew available was at Berens River, but the only means of sending it to Cormorant Lake by ground transportation, which consisted of boat to Selkirk and then rail to Cormorant Lake, would take a week at least and greatly retard the Survey party. Flight Lieutenant Mawdesley flew his large Varuna Flying Boat to Berens River, a distance of 200 miles, lashed the large four-bladed airscrew to the centre section on top of the flying boat hull and flew back to Cormorant Lake. Within two hours of arrival at the base the new airscrew had been tested and the Survey Party were away by air to Pukkatawagan. The above are just a few instances taken from the continuous excellent work of Flight Lieutenant Mawdesley during the year 1929. He has flown through storm and smoke and darkness in carrying out the work of his Sub-Station. He has flown as much as eight hours in one day and afterwards worked long into the night attending to administrative details at his Unit. He has demonstrated to officials of Government Departments in a remarkable manner the great assistance which air transportation can be to them in their work, when arranged for and supplied by a well organized, well equipped and efficient Air Service like the Directorate of Civil Government Air Operations. He has proven that there is no other manner in which the Government of the Country can win and hold the gratitude, admiration and loyalty of the people in outlying Settlements of Canada more quickly than by keeping Government aircraft available to supply their needs in time of distress and sickness. It is considered that Flight Lieutenant Mawdesley has done more in a practical way to further the cause of sound, sane, sensible aviation in the Dominion of Canada during 1929 than any other Pilot, and is respectfully recommended for the award of the Trans-Canada Trophy. On 15 January 1935, while on attachment to No.205 (Flying Boat) Squadron, he departed Pembroke Dock in Singapore III K3594, one of four aircraft bound for Singapore. Aircraft held up by weather, but on resuming flight, one (K3595) crashed into a mountainside near Messina, killing eight service personnel and one civilian passenger. Mawdesley’s flight was uneventful. His crew on this occasion was F/O H.J.L. Hawkins, Sergeant Pilot R. Rudd, and Leading Aircraftmen A. Cargill, N. Young, and H.T. Baker and A. Mullinger. His passenger at departure was a civilian, R..J. Penn (technical officer) who transferred to K3595 and was killed in the crash of that aircraft. See Aeroplane, 17 January 1935 and subsequent. When recommended for AFC he had flown 5,174 hours (check figure) to date, 1,115 hours as instructor.

KIMBALL, S/L George Frederic (C475) - Air Force Cross - No.11 Squadron (Canada) - Award effective 23 February 1946 as per Canada Gazette dated 2 February 1946 and AFRO 280/46 dated 15 March 1946. Born 28 July 1908. Home in Toronto; enlisted in Camp Borden, 6 June 1927. Pilot's flying badge, 27 August 1929; winner, Sword of Honour, 1927-29 courses. To RCAF Reserve, 15 November 1931; re-appointed 9 September 1940. As a Flying Officer he was posted to No. 9 SFTS, 6 January 1941; to No.8 SFTS, 1 July 1942; promoted Flight Lieutenant, 24 August 1942; to No.1 General Reconnaissance School, 14 May 1943; to Eastern Air Command, 14 July 1943; to No.119 Squadron, 1 December 1943; to No.11 (BR) Squadron, 20 April 1944; promoted Squadron Leader, 1 February 1945; to No.4 Release Centre, 18 August 1945; released on 30 August 1945. Award sent by registered mail 28 June 1949. Died in Ottawa, 17 May 1982. // This officer has been employed on anti-submarine operations over a long period involving many hours or arduous flying. His exceptional organizing and supervising ability resulted in his successive appointments as Flight Commander, second in command of the squadron and at various time he has been called upon to act as Officer Commanding. His unquestionable devotion to duty, fairness in his dealing with subordinates and invaluable services to his unit commanders are worthy of the highest praise. Throughout his long service career he has always commanded the respect and admiration of all with whom he has been associated.

CRICK, P/O William Charles Kingsley (C49637) - Air Force Cross - No.3 OTU - Award effective 14 June 1945 as per Canada Gazette of that date and AFRO 1127/45 dated 6 July 1945. Born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, 3 November 1921 (RCAF press release announcing award). Educated there and at Surrey, B.C. Enlisted in Vancouver, 17 January 1942 as aero engine mechanic. To No.3 Manning Depot on enlistment. To Technical Training School, St. Thomas, 17 February 1942. Promoted AC1, 6 June 1942. To No.3 Repair Depot, 10 June 1942. Promoted LAC, 6 September 1942. To Alliford Bay, 28 December 1942. Promoted Corporal and posted to Tofino, 1 March 1943. To No.147 (BR) Squadron, 29 July 1943. To No.9 BGS, 31 August 1943. To No.3 Repair Depot, 30 October 1943. To No.3 OTU, 5 November 1943. Promoted Sergeant, 14 December 1943. Classified as Flight Engineer (Special), 1 January 1944. To Patricia Bay, date uncertain. Promoted Flight Sergeant, 14 July 1944. Commissioned 5 September 1944. To Moncton, 10 February 1945. Taken on strength of No.3 PRC, Bournemouth, 24 February 1945. Repatriated to Canada, 17 January 1946. Released 27 March 1946. Upon returning to civilian life he worked at the Canadian Forest Products mill in New Westminster, becoming General Superintendent until his retirement. Died in Langley, British Columbia, 14 February 2009. As of award had flown 794 hours Award presented 6 May 1950. Pilot Officer Crick has completed 794 hours flying as a staff flight engineer in the conversion flight of No.3 Operational Training Unit since November 1943. Almost all of this time has been on day and night circuits with pupil pilots undergoing their first seaplane training and represents a considerable nervous strain. Pilot Officer Crick has never flagged in his enthusiasm for this arduous duty and has set a valuable example to his fellows. The devotion to duty and ability he has shown over a lengthy period has been most commendable.

BRAUN, S/L Donald Conrad (C4570) - Air Force Cross - Station Edmonton - Award effective 11 August 1945 as per Canada Gazette of that date and AFRO 1453/45 dated 14th September 1945. American in the RCAF although he gave his home as Edmonton. Real home believed to be St.Claud, Minnesota; enlisted in Ottawa, 5 March 1941. Granted rank of Flying Officer, 15 May 1941. To No.2 ANS, 8 October 1941. Promoted Flight Lieutenant, 1 May 1942. To No.6 Repair Depot, 25 May 1942. To No.10 Repair Depot, 8 June 1942. To Northwest Staging Route, 18 January 1943. To No.6 Communications and Ferry Flight, 18 February 1944. To No.5 Staging Unit, 25 June 1944. To No.6 Communications Flight, 12 August 1944. Promoted Squadron Leader, 1 March 1945. To Northwest Air Command Headquarters, 1 June 1945. To Release Centre, 14 November 1945. Retired 17 November 1945. As of recommendation he had flown 3,370 hours. Award presented in St.Paul, Minnesota, 26 May 1950. Author of Arctic Fox: Bush Pilot in the North Country. This officer has served 28 months in the Communications Flight, operating over [the] North West Staging Route. He has displayed initiative, resourcefulness, exceptional ability in bush and mountain operations under severe handicaps and has shown skill in training pilots in similar duties. Since assuming command of the unit, he has demonstrated a very high level of deportment and leadership coupled with exceptional ability which have set a high standard for his subordinates to follow. His devotion to duty throughout has been outstanding.

CLEARY, Nursing Sister Mary Jean (C4487) - Associate, Royal Red Cross - No.12 Service Flying Training School - Award effective 18 June 1944 as per Canada Gazette of that date and RCAF Routine Order 1380/44 dated 30 June 1944). Born in Brigus, Newfoundland. Enlisted in Halifax, 10 March 1941. To “K”, 2 July 1941. To No.2 Training Command, 26 July 1942. To No.31 Personnel Depot, 1 August 1942.. To No.17 SFTS, 30 July 1943. To No.12 SFTS, 11 January 1944. To Western Air Command, 15 June 1944. To No.3 Repair Depot, 2 July 1944. To Western Air Command Headquarters, 13 May 1945. To No.7 REMU, 1 November 1945. Appointed Nursing Sister in postwar RCAF, 1 October 1946. Promoted Flight Lieutenant, 1 June 1947. Granted permanent commission, 1 October 1952. Award presented 15 January 1945. Died in Ottawa, 5 February 1999. This Nursing Sister has set an excellent example by her outstanding devotion to duty. In her two years of service she has consistently displayed initiative and resourcefulness over and above the ordinary line of duty.

LAMONT, Matron Anna Alberta (C4229) - Associate, Royal Red Cross - Station Rockcliffe - Award effective 1 January 1946 as per Canada Gazette of that date and AFRO 82/46 dated 25 January 1946. Home in Ottawa; enlisted there 15 February 1941 and posted to Trenton as Nursing Sister. To No.9 SFTS, 7 September 1942. To No.6 Manning Depot, 3 December 1942. To No.9 SFTS again, 20 December 1942. To No.4 WS, 25 March 1943. To No.31 Personnel Depot, 31 May 1943. Appointed Matron, 1 July 1943. To ?Y? Depot, Moncton, 31 January 1945. To Rockcliffe, 16 February 1945. To No.3 Release Centre, 17 December 1945. Retired 21 December 1945. Throughout the war this Nursing Sister maintained the highest traditions of her calling and as a matron set a high standard of leadership and co-operation. Her unselfish devotion to duty always strengthened the hand of those under whom she served and she has earned the highest regard of all ranks.

HARRISON, Sergeant (now P/O) Harry William (R103848/C43643) - British Empire Medal - No.4 Squadron (and now overseas) - Award effective 8 June 1944 as per RCAF Routine Order 1380/44 dated 30 June 1944. Born in Calgary, 25 February 1918 (RAF Ferry Command records); educated in Alberta schools. Home in Cluny, Alberta. Enlisted in Calgary, 4 June 1941 and posted to No.1 Manning Depot. Reported to Ferry Command, Montreal, 28 March 1944. Departed for overseas, 15 April 1944 in Catalina JX306, via Goose Bay, arriving in Britain 22 April 1944. Repatriation date uncertain. To No.2 Air Command, 2 August 1945. To No.7 Release Centre, 2 September 1945. Retired 22 September 1945. Died in Lacombe, Alberta, 1968. // This NCO was a flight engineer during a test flight on a Canso aircraft when a fire broke out in the A.P. unit. Seeing that igniting gasoline was pouring from the drain cock into the bilges, he reached into the flames and tightened the drain cock, suffering first degree burns on his hands. Sergeant Harrison's determination, courage and disregard of extreme physical pain undoubtedly averted a serious fire in the aircraft.

IRWIN, A/C George Norman (C450) - Commander, Order of the British Empire - No.1 Training Command Headquarters - Award effective 1 January 1946 as per Canada Gazette of that date and AFRO 82/46 dated 25 January 1946. Born in Grafton, Ontario, 27 February 1903. Educated in Oshawa. Employed as a clerk by General Motors, 1923-1926 and by Melrose Securities after that as an orchard and farm manager. Home in Whitby. Obtained a Private Pilots License via De Havilland, 1928 and owned a Waco aircraft (CF-DBP), flying about 300 hours a year. Enlisted in RCAF Auxiliary, 26 July 1933 in Toronto. Commissioned Flying Officer same date; classified as Pilot, 2 December 1936. Attended RCAF Auxiliary summer camps 1935 to 1939; promoted Flight Lieutenant, 1 July 1937; promoted Squadron Leader, 15 January 1940; To No.110 Squadron, 3 September 1939; to be Commanding Officer, 29 October 1939. To Camp Borden, 6 February 1940. To No.1 Manning Depot, 25 March 1940. Promoted Wing Commander, 1 May 1941. To No.14 SFTS, Aylmer, 3 July 1941. Promoted Group Captain, 1 June 1942. To No.1 Training Command Headquarters, 8 July 1943. Promoted Air Commodore, 1 December 1943. To No.4 Release Centre, 26 January 1945. Retired 1 February 1945. Died 27 May 1983 as per Airforce Magazine of June 1984. For extensive obituary/biography see Winter 1983 issue of Journal of the Canadian Aviation Historical Society. Air Commodore Irwin was one of the first officers appointed to the Auxiliary Air Force. His interest and enthusiasm in the unit which he served and commanded in prewar days were in a large measure responsible for the excellent showing of all personnel under his command during the war years. Since the commencement of hostilities he commanded with distinction, No.1 Manning Depot, No.14 Service Flying Training School, Aylmer, and finally served as Chief Staff Officer at No.1 Training Command Headquarters. All these duties he carried out in an energetic, thorough and capable manner. His strong character, unswerving loyalty and outstanding devotion to duty have invariably produced fine leadership and an example to those serving under him which has in turn been reflected in the efficiency of the units in which he has served. Throughout the war this officer was a tower of strength in the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan and his fine work is most praiseworthy. Recommended 1September 1945 by Air Commodore A.D. Ross, Chief Staff Officer, No.1 Air Command, Trenton. Text almost identical to above. He had been recommended for the CBE, 7 January 1943 by A/V/M G.O. Johnson as follows: Group Captain Irwin commanded No.1 Manning Depot shortly after the outbreak of war and after one year’s tenure was posted to command No.14 Service Flying Training School. In both appointments he has shown resolution, organizing ability and judgement of a high order. He has made an outstanding contribution to the Combined Training Establishment/ This did not go further. On 18 September 1943 he was recommend for an Air Force Cross by A/V/M McGill of No.1 Training Command as follows: This officer has rendered continuously outstanding service since he assumed command of No.1 Manning Depot in March 1941, where he was responsible for much of the early organization of this large and complex unit. Assuming command of No.14 Service Flying Training School, Aylmer, at its opening, Group Captain Irwin through his untiring efforts and enthusiasm and personal example has made a commendable contribution to the BCATP. In opening this school he used foresight and imagination, and through his example and personality developed a spirit that made it one of the most efficient schools in this Command. He was recently posted to No.1 Training Command Headquarters as Officer in Charge of Administration and has again demonstrated his outstanding ability. Group Captain Irwin was a member of 110 City of Toronto Squadron prior to the war and has always devoted much of his time in the interests of the Royal Canadian Air Force and it is recommended that he be awarded the Air Force Cross. AFHQ ruled on 11 October that his duties did not warrant a flying award.

HANNA, G/C William Fielding (C409) - Commander, Order of the British Empire - AFHQ, Director of Plans - Award effective 26 May 1944 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 1380/44 dated 30 June 1944. Born at Musquedobolt, Nova Scotia, 12 November 1892. Educated at Dalhousie University, 1910–1914. Enlisted in 1914 in Canadian Cyclist Corps but switched to Cameron Highlanders. Joined RFC in the field, 25 December 1917. To No.1 School of Military Aeronautics, 1 January 1918. To No.3 School of Aerial Gunnery, 21 January 1918. Finally seconded to RFC/RAF in France, 12 March 1918 for service with No.48 Squadron (observer), engaging in many combats and destroying at least one enemy aircraft. Hospitalized 14 May 1918. Rejoined No.48 Squadron, 12 June 1918. To Home Establishment, 11 August 1918. Disembarked in Canada, 10 October 1918. To No.4 School of Aeronautics, 11 November 1918. To RAF Headquarters, Canada, 16 December 1918. To United Kingdom, 27 January 1919. To No.3 Group, 11 March 1919. To Repatriation Camp, 11 June 1919. Repatriated 1 August 1919. Educated at University of Alberta, 1919-1923 (Bachelor of Science, Master of Science) and University of Manitoba, 1923-1924 (Ph.D). Civil experience in research at University of Minnesota, 1924, University of London, 1925, and University of Minnesota again, 1927-1928. In 1928 he joined staff of Dominion Rust Research Laboratory, becoming senior plant pathologist. Appointed Flying Officer, 1 June 1934 with No.12 (Army Cooperation) Squadron. Qualified for Observer badge, 1 June 1934; qualified as a pilot 27 April 1936 and appointed Squadron Photographic Officer. Promoted Flight Lieutenant, 1 October 1937. Mobilized, 4 September 1939 and posted to Trenton. To No.112 (Army Cooperation) Squadron, 30 October 1939. As of 27 December 1939, the Department of Agriculture was wanting him back as he was needed for “smut diseases of cereals.” The RCAF was willing but he was not. Promoted Squadron Leader, 1 March 1940; appointed Commanding Officer, April 1940, and took the squadron overseas. Relinquished command, 7 January 1941, to S/L McGregor and posted to RCAF Overseas Headquarters. Returned to Ottawa, 15 February 1941 and assigned to AFHQ, 1 March 1941. Promoted Wing Commander, 1 June 1941. To No.1 BGS, Jarvis, 13 April 1942 to command; to AFHQ again, 2 August 1942, AMAS Division; promoted Acting Group Captain , 1 November 1942; confirmed in that rank, 1 June 1944. Retired 16 October 1945. Wartime work included being officer in charge of accident investigations. For many years after the war he was an official with the Department of Agriculture (Winnipeg and Ottawa). Awarded Officer, Order of Canada, 20 December 1968; invested 8 April 1969, “For his contributions as a plant pathologist and search biologist.” Died in Vancouver, 26 September 1972. RCAF photo PL-392 dated 28 May 1940 taken in Ottawa is captioned as follows: “Wing Commander T.A. Lawrence, Director of Plans and Operations, inspects No.112 (City of Winnipeg) Army Cooperation Squadron at the RCAF Station, Ottawa, prior to departure of the advance party for active service overseas. He is accompanied by Squadron Leader W.F. Hanna, officer commanding the squadron, and Group Captain E.L. MacLeod, officer commanding the station where the squadron completed its training prior to leaving for England.” RCAF photo PL-400 dated 28 May 1940 shows W/C T.A. Lawrence (Director of Plans and Operations) discussing kit for No.112 Squadron personnel; on his left is S/L W.F. Hanna (squadron commander); G/C E.L. McLeod (Commanding Officer, Station Ottawa) in centre. // This officer, as Director of Plans, has handled with extraordinary ability the many complex responsibilities of his work, which have involved projects, agreements, legislation, proposals and conferences of vital importance concerning British Commonwealth and international air problems. The diplomatic manner in which he has dealt with other members of the United Nations has produced excellent results. His untiring efforts and devotion to duty along with his efficiency have combined to make him a most valuable officer. // NOTE: First recommended for the CBE by A/V/M N.R. Anderson, 21 August 1943. The recommendation on that occasion gave more details as to the nature of his work: // As Director Plans (Joint) in AMAS Division, Group Captain Hanna has made an exceptional contribution to the war effort. He has dealt with all problems of International and Inter-Empire planning for Air Operations, Defences and facilities in Canada and Newfoundland. In addition, he is a member of the Inter-Departmental Committee on Civil Aviation and on Peace Planning. He attends meetings of the Permanent Joint Board on Defence during the absence of AMAS. This officer has worked extremely hard to keep abreast of a vast quantity of diplomatic correspondence and has shown exceptional ability in dealing therewith and drafting suitable replies. // Recommended again by Anderson, 20 November 1943 as follows: // For outstanding work as Director of Plans dealing with projects, agreements, legislation, proposals, submissions and conferences of International and Inter-Empire interest (Air Force and Civil). // This was minuted on 2 March 1944 by A/V/M W.A. Curtis: // His diplomatic way of handling correspondence with U.S. authorities is productive of excellent results. I heartily concur in the above recommendation. // HANNA, G/C William Fielding, CBE (409) - AFHQ - Legion of Merit (Degree of Officer) - with effect from 15 July 1946 as per Canada Gazette dated 10 August 1946 and AFRO 819/46 dated 23 August 1946. Colonel R.E.S. Williamson, Military Attache, writing to AFHQ, 27 May 1946, provides citation. // Group Captain William F. Hanna, Royal Canadian Air Force, distinguished himself as a member of the Permanent Joint Board on Defence, Canada-United States, from December 1942 to June 1945. He ably assisted in expediting the solution of problems pertaining to the placing of American troops and installations within the Dominion of Canada. His characteristic cooperation and devotion to duty materially furthered the collaboration of the two countries in ensuring the security of the North American continent during World War II. // Notes: A letter dated 29 April 1944 (A/V/M W.A. Curtis to Air Member for Personnel) described his duties more fully: // The above named officer has been holding the position of Director of Plans - Joint Planning - in this Division [AMAS] which calls for the rank of Group Captain. He has been holding the Acting Rank since 1-11-42, during which time he has dealt with matters of high inter-governmental policy affecting the Northwest Staging Route in an extremely satisfactory manner. // This officer is a valuable member of the following Committees: // Inter-Departmental Committee on Air Transport Policy. // Post Hostilities Committee // Operational Awards Committee // Inter-Departmental Panel on Joint Defence Projects // Advisory Committee, Canadian Civil Administrative Staff // Inter-Departmental Committee on Air Surveys and Base Maps // Not only has he a wealth of knowledge of these subjects, but due to his training and general ability, he has few equals in drafting international agreements and policy letters. // His promotion to the temporary rank of Group Captain with effect from 1st November 1942 is strongly recommended.

LANGFORD, W/C Herman Hamilton (C485) - Commended for Valuable Services in the Air - Central Flying School, Trenton - Award effective 26 October 1943 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 2386/43 dated 19 November 1943. Born 30 March 1903 (RAF Ferry Command records) in Fingal, Ontario; educated in provincial public schools, Ontario Normal School and Queen\'s University. Home in Barrie, Ontario. Joined RCAF in Toronto, 7 September 1931; qualified for his wings 25 May 1940. Attained rank of Flight Lieutenant, 1 January 1941. To Central Flying School, 11 January 1941. Promoted Squadron Leader, 15 January 1942. Attached to Ferry Command, 4 March 1942. Departed Dorval, 29 March 1942 in Hudson FH285 to Goose Bay; departed Goose Bay, 2 April 1942 and arrived same day in Britain. Repatriated 19 August 1942. To Trenton, 3 September 1942. To No.2 Training Command Headquarters, 25 April 1943. Promoted Wing Commander, 15 May 1943. On 26 May 1943 during a staff inspection of No.33 SFTS made a wheels-up landing due to undercarriage failing to respond. To War Staff College, 31 March 1944. To AFHQ, 2 June 1944. To No.2 Training Command Headquarters, 2 July 1944. Retired 7 February 1945. Governor General\'s Records (RG.7 Group 26, Volume 57, File 190-I) has citation. This officer with considerable flying experience as`an instructor and Officer Commanding Central Flying School Visiting Flight has been outstanding in his devotion to duty. His keen enthusiasm, superior knowledge and experience have been a valuable asset to flying instructional training. LANGFORD, W/C Herman Hamilton (C485) - Air Force Cross No.2 Training Command Headquarters - Award effective as of 8 June 1944 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 1380/44 dated 30 June 1944. Described as having flown 1,390.05 hours to date, 1,298.25 hours as instructor, 104.55 hours in previous six months. Stationed at War Staff College as of time of AFC award. This officer\'s excellent work had made an outstanding contribution to the success of flying training. Throughout his duties on the several positions he has held, he has displayed exceptional qualities of judgement and leadership, which have won for him the respect of all personnel under his supervision. In the execution of his duties over a long period of time he has proven himself to be a most keen and able pilot.

McINTOSH, S/L Wesley Hanford (C4791) - Commended for Valuable Services in the Air - No.168 Squadron (Canada) - Award effective 1 January 1945 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 89/45 dated 19 January 1945. Born in Winnipeg, 22 December 1914 (RCAF press release 4907 announcing award). Prior to the war he was service engineer with Kennis Johannesson Flying Service Wing. Enlisted in Halifax, 29 September 1939 as Armourer and granted rank of Sergeant; to ?E?, 20 January 1940; reclassified as pilot, 19 February 1940; to ?R?, 12 February 1940; commissioned 1 March 1941, apparently with simultaneous promotion to Flying Officer. To No.1 Flying Instructor School, 22 March 1941. Promoted Flight Lieutenant, 15 July 1942. To ?A?, 31 December 1942. To No.1 Flying Instructor School, 20 January 1943. To No12 (Transport) Squadron, 21 April 1943. To Western Air Command, 17 July 1943. To No.165 (Transport) Squadron, 22 July 1943. To No.168 (Heavy Transport) Squadron, 31 October 1943. Promoted Squadron Leader, 1 May 1944. To Release Centre, 23 October 1945. Retired 25 October 1945. Memoire published by Pocket Press (Oakville) in 2006 under the title Permission Granted: Slipping the Surly Bonds of Earth. This officer has played an important part in the training of transport fliers and given valuable assistance during the organization of this squadron. As a captain and later as a flight commander he has at all times displayed exceptional ability and determination. His devotion to duty has set a high example to all. NOTE: DHIst file 181.009 D.1721 (RG.24 Volume 20606) refers. As early as 3 November 1942 he was recommended as a Flight Lieutenant for AFC by A/C F.S. McGill who wrote: Prior to Flight Lieutenant McIntosh?s enlistment he had flown as a civilian for a total of 407 hours solo and 32 hours dual and held a commercial license No.1303 and an ?A? and ?C? Engineer License No.1445. He also had been a member of the RCNVR in Winnipeg, Manitoba, and was employed in 1933 to 1939 in the capacity as a wireless operator. This officer enlisted permanent RCAF at Halifax, Nova Scotia, 29 September 1939, and was posted to No.5 General Reconnaissance Squadron, Dartmouth. He was graded Airman Pilot, and appointed to the rank of Acting Sergeant on enlistment. In October 1939 he was posted to the Intermediate Training Squadron, Camp Borden, Ontario for a refresher flying course. On December 12th, 1939 he commenced a Flying Instructor?s Course at the Flying Instructor?s School, Camp Borden, Ontario, on the termination of which he was granted ?C? category on 6 February 1940. This officer was then posted to the Advanced Training Squadron, Camp Borden, February 14th, 1940 to March 18th. On the 19th March 1940 he commenced instruction in Initial Training School, Camp Borden. This officer was awarded ?B? category as a Flying Instructor on 6 June 1940, and on the forming of No.1 SFTS, was posted a Staff Instructor. Immediately on the appointment to commissioned rank of Pilot Officer on 8 May 1941, this officer was posted to No.19 EFTS, Virden, Manitoba, holding the position of Assistant Chief Supervisory Officer. On July 27, 1941, Flight Lieutenant McIntosh was posted to Central Flying School, RCAF Station Trenton, Ontario. He was appointed to the rank of Temporary Flying Officer 15 December 1941 and to the rank of Acting Flight Lieutenant, 1 March 1942. For the past eight months this officer has held the position of Deputy Flight Commander or a Flight Commander in which status he is now employed. This officer has logged 2,250 hours instructing time since March 19, 1940 and has at the present time a total time of 2,350 hours not including his civilian time. During his service as an instructor Flight Lieutenant McIntosh has had the experience of all phases of training, i.e. EFTS, SFTS, CFS and FIS. He has at all times been a keen and enthusiastic pilot, a conscientious instructor, willing to work any hour and has at all times sacrificed himself in order to further the knowledge and training of his pupils. Coupled with the above facts, Flight Lieutenant McIntosh has a high sense of duty and a high regard for the Service. It is therefore recommended, in view of this officer?s loyalty and intense devotion to duty, that he be awarded the Air Force Cross. RCAF file 821-4-44, ?McKee Trans-Canada Trophy - Nominations and Presentation - 1944 Competition?, National Archives of Canada RG.24 Volume 17796, has recommendation for the McKee Trophy drafted 7 March 1945 by G.Z. Z.L. Leigh, No.9 (Transport) Group and transcribed here for the historical record: This officer commenced flying at Winnipeg in July of 1934, obtaining a Commercial Pilot?s License in 1935 and an Air Engineers License in 1938. For the period 1934-1938 he was employed as an apprentice engineer for the Winnipeg Flying Club and Johanson?s Flying Service, working on aircraft and flying passengers, subsequently being employed by Wings Limited as air engineer until September 1939, when he joined the RCAF. This officer served in the RCAF as an instructor with an A1 Category, and as an Assistant Supervisory Officer at an Elementary Flying Training School in Manitoba. In November 1942 he was loaned to the Royal Air Force Transport Command at Montreal as an instructor, and made one delivery to the United Kingdom. He was subsequently posted to Rockcliffe in April 1943, and flew as Captain on scheduled Service flights from Ottawa to Halifax twice weekly. From July to October 1943, he flew with No.165 Squadron, Edmonton, on the North West Staging Route operating from Edmonton to Whitehorse and vicinity, flying freight, passengers and servicing new fields under construction. This officer reported to No.168 (Heavy Transport) Squadron in October 1943, and to date has made 25 Atlantic crossings and has also served as Officer Commanding this squadron?s Detachment at Gibraltar, where he flew numerous trips from there to Italy and Cairo. Squadron Leader McIntosh carried out the first round trip mail flight between Ottawa and the United Kingdom. As second in command, No.168 (Heavy Transport) Squadron, he has maintained a very enviable and outstanding record, and is in no small way responsible for the squadron?s accomplishments in air transport operations and the general success that has been attained to date. Note: Memo, 10 October 1941 in which G/C T.A. Lawrence (Station Trenton) recommends promotion of several officers including F/O W.H. McIntosh. This officer is a very capable instructor holding an A.2 category. At present he is employed as a deputy Flight Commander and has demonstrated his ability to carry out his duties very efficiently.

JOHNSON, A/V/M George Owen, MC (C4) - Companion, Order of the Bath - Eastern Air Command (formerly Deputy Chief of the Air Staff) - Award effective 28 May 1943 as per London Gazette of that date, Canada Gazette dated 2 June 1943, and AFRO 1459/43 dated 30 July 1943. Born in Woodstock, Ontario, 24 January 1896. Moved west and graduated from Calgary Normal School, 1912. Taught in Edmonton and elsewhere in Alberta. Applied to join RNAS, 1915-16; appointed probationary Flight Officer, 24 April 1917 and sent to England for training. Schools were filled so he transferred to Royal Flying Corps. Attended No.1 School of Aeronautics, Reading, and then to Netheravon basic flying instruction. At Central Flying School he learned to fly service aircraft. Graduated in September 1917 and sent to France; he had 54 hours flying time (38 hours 0 minutes solo). Joined No.84 Squadron, 22 October 1917, flying SE.5a fighters. First sortie (line patrol) on 17 November 1917; first combat on 22 November 1917; first victory on 16 February 1918 (Albatross scout fell out of control and seen to crash). Awarded MC in April 1918 for attacks on ground targets, destruction of two enemy aircraft and driving down two more out of control. Posted to No.24 Squadron, 18 April 1918, gaining several more aerial victories before posting to England (19 June 1918). Served with No.1 Squadron, CAF. Returned to Canada, 1919 and joined CAF, being appointed Flight Lieutenant, 18 February 1920; participated in Trans-Canada Flight of 1920. Granted permanent appointment as Air Sub-Station Superintendent, Air Board, 11 December 1920. Serving as Assistant Director of Flying Operations, CAF, June 1921. Promoted Squadron Leader, 1 September 1921. Taken on strength of reorganized CAF, 11 May 1922 and posted to Air Headquarters for duty. Appointed to permanent force, RCAF, 1 April 1924 and posted to RCAF Headquarters as Assistant Director of Air Staff and Personnel. Relinquished post of Assistant Director of Air Staff and Personnel on assuming command of Prairie Provinces Station Winnipeg, 3 May 1925. Weekly Order 109/25 June 1925) reports him as “Qualified as Certificate Examiner and authorized to carry out inspections and examinations of Air Harbours, Aircraft, Air Engineers and private and Commercial air pilots.” Weekly Order 113/26 (June 1926) reports him a Officer Commanding No.1 Wing, Winnipeg. Weekly Order 139/26 reports he is to attend Preparatory Staff College course at Royal Military College and to report to Commandant of RMC, 1 October 1926. On strength of Winnipeg Air Station (new name of unit), 1 July 1927. Relinquished command of Winnipeg Air Station, 19 August 1927. On command to England, 26 August 1927 to attend RAF Staff College. Course completed, 14 December 1928 and entitled to have “p.c.a.” as post-nominal letters. Ceased to be on command to RAF Staff College and reported to RCAF Headquarters, 24 December 1928. Promoted Wing Commander, 1 January 1929 and on same date appointed Assistant Director of Civil Government Operations. To be Acting Director, Civil Government Air Operations, 1 January 1931. Appointed Air Staff Officer, 1 November 1932. Appointed Acting Senior Air Officer, RCAF, 1 June 1933 (vice Gordon). Transferred from RCAF Headquarters to command of Station Trenton, 30 November 1934. To “Courses Abroad”, 25 December 1936 to attend Imperial Defence College. Promoted Group Captain, 1 April 1937 while attending Imperial Defence College. Completed course, December 1937 and permitted to have “i.d.c.” as post-nominal letters. Transferred from “Courses Abroad” to Station Trenton, 29 January 1938. To Western Air Command, 5 April 1938 and appointed to command that formation, 6 April 1938. Posted to be Air Member for Organization and Training, 13 November 1939. To be Deputy Chief of the Air Staff, 8 November 1940; appointed AOC No.1 Training Command (22 July 1942), appointed AOC Eastern Air Command (9 January 1943). Promoted Air Marshal, 25 March 1945. To United Kingdom, 26 March 1945 to assume duties as AOC RCAF Overseas (1 April 1945 to July 1946). Repatriated 22 July 1946. To No.1 Air Command, 13 February 1947. Retired to pensionas Air Marshal, 17 February 1947. RCAF photo PL-4306 (ex UK-23) shows Air Commodore L.F. Stevens shaking hands with Air Commodore G.O. Johnson who had recently arrived in United Kingdom. PL-4307 shows him alone. Photo PL-43345 (ex UK-20524 dated 14 April 1945) taken as Air Marshal G.O. Johnson (AOC RCAF Oversea) visited No.6 Group, inspecting Bison Squadron - left to right are W/C R.L. Bolduc (Port Arthur, Squadron CO), Air Vice Marshal C.M. McEwen (AOC No.6 Group) and Air Marshal Johnson. RCAF photos PL-43790 and PL-43791 (ex UK-20819 and UK-20820 dated 15 April 1945) shows Air Marshal G.O. Johnson on taking command of RCAF Overseas Headquarters; accompanied by G/C Dean Nesbitt. RCAF photo PL-46292 (ex UK-23776 dated 4 December 1945) taken at mess dinner, Leeming; shown are G/C E.H. Evans (Minnedosa, Manitoba), Air Marshal G.O. Johnson, and W/C J.C.R. Brown, DFC and Bar. Died in Vancouver, 28 March 1980. Recommendation for CB raised by A/M L.S. Breadner, 2 April 1943. // Air Vice Marshal Johnson, as Deputy Chief of the Air Staff, was responsible for the excellent planning and construction of the vast number of stations required for the successful operation of the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan as well as the increased Home War plans. He has, on many occasions, deputized for the Chief of the Air Staff and, during the Ottawa Conference held in June 1942, he was in charge of the arrangements and the planning of material for discussion. The success of this meeting was, in no small measure, due to his untiring efforts. He later rendered outstanding and meritorious service as Air Officer Commanding, No.1 Training Command. // JOHNSON, A/M George Owen, CB, MC (C4) - Overseas Headquarters - Legion of Honour (France) - Award as per AFRO 845/46 dated 23 August 1946. External Affairs file “French Awards to Canadian Armed Forces - Particular Cases” (Library and Archives Canada, RG.25, Box 4140) has the following citation for a Croix de Guerre; he appears in a list of “Those Who Assisted in the Training of French Personnel in Canada”. Many others in the document were reported as receiving French awards in AFRO 485/47 dated 12 September 1947: // Air Marshal Johnson served as Deputy Chief of the Air Staff during the period the French personnel were trained in Canada and provided the utmost cooperation in any question concerning the French trainees. // JOHNSON, A/M George Owen, CB, MC (C4) - US Legion of Merit (Degree of Commander) - Award effective 15 August 1947 as per AFRO 441/47 of that date. NOTE: This was originally announced in AFRO 388/46 dated 12 April 1946, reference Canada Gazette dated 6 April 1946. Why republication ? Public Records Office Air 2/9108 has recommendation. // As Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief of the Royal Canadian Air Force, Overseas, Air Marshal Johnson has been responsible for ensuring the maintenance by the RCAF of the hearty and effective co-operation and the cordial relations which have always existed between the fighting forces of the USAAF and the British Air Services in the United Kingdom. The success of these relations is a reflection of his outstanding achievements in his previous position of Air Officer Commanding, Eastern Air Command where effective co-operation with the United States Forces was the keynote of his fine efforts. // The republication is all the more odd given a letter dated 30 January 1947 from Colonel Jack C. Hodgson (U.S. Military Attache, Ottawa) to the Department of National Defence. It read, in part: // Last June the Royal Canadian Air Force published orders announcing United States awards to Canadian personnel. Unfortunately, the records of the War Department in certain instances are at variance with the list published by the RCAF. Particular reference is made to the case of Air Marshal G.O. Johnson, now retired. // It is understandable that under the pressure of war administrative errors were bound to occur and names were omitted or lost in a maze of administrative detail. // As Air Marshal Johnson's record of service is not available in this office it would be greatly appreciated if you would arrange to furnish this office with a citation which could be used for a recommendation for the Legion of Merit. // This office will then initiate action recommending that the award to Air Marshal Johnson receive favourable consideration. // On 5 February 1947, Air Marshal Robert Leckie replied, supplying the following text: // During Air Marshal Johnson's many senior appointments in the Royal Canadian Air Force, including his responsibilities in such positions as Deputy Chief of Air Staff, and Air Officer Commanding in Chief of Eastern Air Command and the Royal Canadian Air Force Overseas, he at all times was considered a brilliant leader and an inspiration to those with whom he came in contact. His tireless devotion to duty, together with the friendly spirit and enthusiastic cooperation extended to all branches of the United States Armed Forces was a strengthening bond of amity between the two nations, as well as a material factor in the successful conclusion of hostilities against mutual enemies. // On 1 July 1947 the War Department despatched a letter to the American Embassy in Ottawa, restating approval of this honour and this time providing the following citation: // Air Marshal G.O. Johnson, CB, MC, Royal Canadian Air Force, performed exceptionally meritorious service from December 1941 to May 1945 as Deputy Chief of Air Staff, then Air Officer Commanding in Chief of Eastern Air Command and later as Air Officer Commanding in Chief of Royal Canadian Air Force Overseas. His tireless devotion to duty, together with the friendly spirit and enthusiastic co-operation extended to all branches of the United States Armed Forces was a strengthening bond of amity between the two nations, as well as a material factor in the successful conclusion of hostilities against mutual enemies. // JOHNSON, A/M George Owen (C4) - King Haakron VII's Cross of Liberation (Norway) - Award effective 12 June 1948 as per Canada Gazette of that date and AFRO 371/48 dated 11 June 1948. However, on 3 June 1948 Air Marshal W.A. Curtis wrote to him as follows: // I have just received official advice from the Royal Norwegian Government, through their Canadian Legation, that additional honour has been bestowed on you by virtue of the award of King Haakron VII’s Cross of Liberation. I therefore wish to undertake this opportunity of expressing to you, personally, and on behalf of all ranks of the Royal Canadian Air Force, sincere and hearty congratulations. This well merited award not only recognizes your personal contribution to the success of the Allies in the recent conflict, but adds lustre to the proud record of our Service. // The official announcement of this award will be promulgated in both the Canada Gazette and Air Force Routine Orders in the near future. // Arrangements regard presentation of your award, if you have not already had advice in this respect, will be completed by the Norwegian authorities in Canada. In the meantime, the appropriate ribbon may be worn on the Service uniform. // Added Notes: The duties of an Air Station commander in the 1920s involved considerable travel by air and rail to the various sub-stations. The record for 1926 is typical. He was on Temporary Duty for Militia Service, Fort William, 3-7 March 1926; TD to Lac du Bonnet by car, 27 April 1926; TD to Lac du Bonnet by car, 5 May 1926; TD by rail and boat to Norway House, 2 June 1926 and from there to Cormorant Lake by air, 7 June 1926 (return to Winnipeg 7 June 1926); TD by rail to Cormorant Lake, 9 June 1926; TD by rail to Lac du Bonnet 18 June 1926, returning 19 June 1926; TD by air to Lac du Bonnet, 26 June 1926, returning by rail 27 June 1926; TD by rail, Victoria Beach, 14 July 1926 and return same day; TD by road to Lac du Bonnet and return same day, 16 July 1926; TD by rail to Kashabowie, 22 July 1926, returning 24 July 1926; TD by rail to Collins, 28 July 1926, returning same day; TD by rail to Collins, 30 July 1926, returning same day; TD to Victoria Beach, 2 August 1926, returning same day; TD by car to Lac du Bonnet, 10 August 1926; by air from there to Norway House the same day; flew early morning of 11 August 1926 from Norway House to Cormorant Lake; proceeded by railway gas car from Cormorant Lake to The Pas, 11 August 1926 and thence by rail to Winnipeg the same day; Inspection Duty by rail, 22 August 1926; Inspection Duty to Lac du Bonnet and return by rail, 23 August 1926; Inspection Duty to Lac du Bonnet and return by road, 12 September 1926. // Crisis of Promotion: On 25 November 1936, while commanding Station Trenton, he address the following to “The Secretary, Department of National Defence, Ottawa” (i.e. to AFHQ): // I respectfully request your consideration in regard to promotion. // From 1st January 1931 to 31st October 1932, I filled the Appointment of Director, Civil Government Air Operations, for which the rank of Group Captain was allowed by establishment, but I received neither rank nor pay. I was not the senior Wing Commander at that time, and therefore did not request recognition, although had Militia practice been followed I would have had the temporary rank of Group Captain for that period, irrespective of seniority. // From 1st June 1933 to 31st December 1933, I was Acting Senior Air Officer, an appointment for which the rank of Group Captain was allowed by establishment, but again, not being the Senior Wing Commander, I received no recognition. // By the promotion of Group Captain Breadner on 1st February 1936, I became the senior Wing Commander. There was another vacancy for a Group Captain in the Limited Establishment at that time, the authorized rank for the Commanding Officer at Trenton having been raised to Group Captain by an amendment to the Working Establishment on January 21st, 1936. No doubt you will remember when we discussed the situation in the Spring, you said that consideration of my promotion would have to wait until a portion of the Flying Training Group was moved from Camp Borden to Trenton. // The move of the School of Army Co-operation on March 9th, 1936 and the Technical Training School on June 13th, 1936, increased the establishment and strength of RCAF Station Trenton above that originally provided for Camp Borden, and the responsibilities of the Commanding Officer were considerably increased, involving the supervision of construction of a permanent station, and organization of Station Headquarters facilities as well as command of two schools and two Service Squadrons. // I submit:- // (a) That since June 13th, 1936 I have had responsibilities and duties considerably in excess of the other Wing Commanders in the Force. // (b) That there is a vacancy in the establishment for a Group Captain. // (c) That I am the senior Wing Commander and eligible for promotion. // (d) That delay in effecting my promotion penalizes me in respect of pay, seniority in the RCAF, and seniority in the combined Gradation List of Militia and Air Force Officers. // (e) That the practice of the Militia Service is to effect promotions as soon as vacancies occur, and delays in effecting Air Force promotions penalizes all the Officers of the Air Force and generally lowers the morale of the Air Force. // I request that these facts be brought to the attention of the Honourable the Minister. // The response to this was a memo from the Senior Air Officer (Air Commodore G.M. Croil) to A.G. (Adjutant General) dated 24 December 1936 as follows: // (1) This officer was promoted to his present rank of Wing Commander on the 1st January 1929. // (2) Within the last six years he has held the appointments at this Headquarters of Acting Director, C.G.A,O., Air Staff Officer and Acting Senior Air Officer. He assumed command of RCAF Station Trenton on the 1st December 1934. // (3) Wing Commander Johnson has shown exceptional ability on air staff work during his period of employment at this Headquarters. He has commanded the station at Trenton in a very satisfactory manner under most difficult circumstances and has shown marked administrative ability. His Annual Confidential Reports have all been exceedingly favourable. // (4) Wing Commander Johnson is a graduate of the Royal Air Force Staff College, Andover. // (5) He is the senior Wing Commander on the General List. // (6) A vacancy for a Group Captain exists on the 1936-37 Limited Establishment and funds are available to cover the promotion. // (7) It is strongly recommended that Wing Commander Johnson be promoted to the substantive rank of Group Captain, effective 1st July 1936.

TURNER, F/O Stewart Douglas (C4456) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.160 Squadron - no details of training; he is evidently a pilot. Award effective 28 November 1945 as per London Gazette of 11 December 1945 and AFRO 212/46 dated 1 March 1946. Born 19 September 1916 in Toronto. Employed by Canadian Westinghouse, Hamilton before the war. Enlisted in Hamilton, 19 March 1941, commissioned that date and posted to No.1 Manning Depot, Toronto. To Aero Engineer School, Montreal, 28 March 1941. To AFHQ, 8 September 1941. Promoted Flying Officer, 30 September 1941. To No.1 ITS, Toronto, 5 October 1941 where he was employed as the engineer at the Clinical Investigation Unit, directly interested in the research problems to be solved using the accelerator. On 11 March 1942, in a letter to the Commanding Officer, No.1 CIU, he wrote (in the third person), “The care and operations of the accelerator have reached such a point that his work as an engineer is very, very limited. It is felt that his services to the Royal Canadian Air Force would now be far more useful doing aeronautical engineering work at a flying station. A transfer back to aeronautical engineering is hereby requested.” To AFHQ again, 30 March 1942 although it appears that he was detached to No.2 SFTS to play on their rugby team, for which he was the subject of a commendatory letter by G/C F.A. Sampson, 2 December 1942. To No.3 ITS, Victoriaville, 20 March 1943. Reclassified as Pilot Under Training, 28 May 1943. To No.5 EFTS, High River, 31 May 1943. To No.3 SFTS, Calgary, 25 July 1943. Reverted to Pilot Officer at his own request, 12 November 1943, the date he qualified for his flying badge. To No.1 GRS, Summerside, 20 November 1943. Promoted Flying Officer, 12 May 1944. To “Y” Depot, Lachine, 11 June 1944. To No.111 OTU, 28 June 1944. To No.45 Group, Dorval, 8 October 1944. Emplaned from Dorval, 17 November 1944. Arrived in United Kingdom, 20 November 1944. To No.354 Squadron, 13 January 1945. To No.160 Squadron, 10 February 1945. By sea to United Kingdom, 3 October 1945. Repatriated 3 December 1945. Retired 16 January 1946. Postwar he was a distinguished lawyer and judge. Died in Toronto, 27 September 1990. // This officer has completed a tour of operational duty during which he has displayed outstanding courage, determination and devotion to duty. On one occasion his aircraft was forced down on the sea but despite this trying experience he has continued to show undiminished enthusiasm for operational flying. Flying Officer Turner is an excellent captain of aircraft who has consistently set a high standard and an inspiring example to his crew. // NOTE: Public Records Office Air 2/9138 has original recommendation dated 13 September 1945 when he was credited with 25 sorties (450 operational hours); text expands somewhat on the above (published) citation: // Throughout his operational tour Flying Officer Turner has shown outstanding determination and devotion to duty. During his first operational sortie he carried out a successful ditching. In spite of attendant shock, he was flying operationally within ten days of the incident and went on to complete a most successful tour. In all his work he has consistently set a high standard and as captain of aircraft he is beyond reproach. He is cheerful, enthusiastic, and an example to his comrades. // Notes: Application for Operational Wing dated 6 August 1945 stated he had flown 22 sorties (502 hours), 18 February to 29 July 1945. However, another form dated 18 August 1945 gives dates as 30 March to 31 July 1945 (25 sorties but still 502 hours). Form filed on repatriation (14 November 1945) states he arrived overseas 20 November 1944 and had flown one operational tour (22 sorties, the last one on 29 July 1945). He stated further he had flown 457.30 operationally overseas and 28.45 non-operational overseas (total of 486.15). Non-operational duties described as “testing aircraft at squadron.” // Training: Course at No.3 ITS was 22 March to 28 May 1943; graduated eighth in a class of 111. // Course at No.5 EFTS was 31 May to 23 July 1943 - Cornell aircraft. Flew 9.25 dual to first solo and totals as follows: day dual - 34.15; day solo - 37.10; night dual - 1.10. Flew 10.10 on instruments. Placed 13th in a class of 49. “Above average ground school. A very hard worker. A good average pilot - has a thorough knowledge of all sequences with the exception of 13 and 22 - is very conscientious - conduct and attitude very good.” (F/L J.E. Palmer). // Course at No.3 SFTS was 25 July to 12 November 1943 in Crane and Anson aircraft (7.05 to first day solo, 76.25 total day dual, 66.10 day solo, 2.10 dual to first night solo, total 14.05 night dual and 9.05 night solo. Flew 25.40 as passenger, 12.55 in formation, 30.45 on instruments and logged 20 hours in Link. “Average pilot. Slow to start but retains knowledge.” // The course at No.111 OTU was 10 July to 30 September 1944. Ground courses in Armament (245/300), Navigation (151/200),and Signals (68/100). Flying Tests in General Flying (269/300), Applied Flying (130/200), Instrument Flying (170/250), Night Flying (67/100) and Link (36/50). S/L V.J. Clarkson wrote, 25 November 1944, “Keen and conscientious, will improve with experiencce.” Flying times in Mitchell were as follows: Dual to first day solo (7.05), Total day dual (21.25), Total day solo (30.45), Second Pilot by Day (3.05) and Instruments (2.00). Dual to first night solo (2.30), Total night dual (2.30), Total night solo (14.40), Second Pilot by Night (5.50). Flying times in Liberator were as follows: Dual to first day solo (5.05), Total day dual (11.15), Total day solo (25.00), Second Pilot by Day (2.50) and Instruments (2.45). Dual to first night solo (2.20), Total night dual (3.10), Total night solo (5.20). // The Accelerator // Although he played a small part in this, correspondence in his file throws light on the project. On 28 September 1941, Dr. H.W. Price (University of Toronto) wrote to A/V/M Ernest Stedman regarding “Sir Frederick Banting’s Project - the Accelerator, N.R.C. Project AM4.” // Dear Sir; // The writer is H.W. Price, Professor of Electrical Engineering, University of Toronto, and Head of that Department. // Sir Frederick Banting was your friend. I know because he often talked to me about you and always in a highly appreciative manner. He was my friend too. In his absence I am carrying on to completion the construction of “The Accelerator”. Immediately afterward will follow operation for studying blackout in all its complications, and for making it possible to quickly find, if required, which men in training can resist the greatest G values, and therefore be best adapted to fighter flying if also otherwise suitable. // The equipment is now nearing completion. We badly need, and cannot find, a good electrical and mechanical man to operate and assist in adapting this apparatus to meet all situations developed by Squadron Leader (Dr.) W.R. Franks and his assistants studying the problems of suits and variations in men undertaking fighter and other flying requiring high G manoeuvring. Dr. Franks went to England to try to do what Dr. Banting set out to do. He is now back, to return to England in a few weeks with results of suit tests which can be done only in this machine, “The Accelerator”. England wants it, as I know definitely and independently from Mr. Matthews, the English Farnborough expert, now over here who saw much of the work with suits, and the great interest they have in it. // From one of his classmates (Mr, Bruce) who called today, I discovered that Pilot Officer S.D. Turner has recently gone to Ottawa, to your organization I understand. He is the only man I have been able to find trace of who is in [the] R.C.A.F. and suitable in experience for our very technical needs. // We are beginning the electrical connections tomorrow to permit getting into operation within a week. The man who joins the strength of No,1 I.T.S. here to assist in this Banting work should take part in the extensive electrical circuiting and mechanical adjustments to gain an inside understanding of the equipment. With all the other difficulties you have in hand, can you possibly help us by transferring Doug Turner to us at Toronto. Our need is real and urgent. // To this, Price added a hand-written post-script: // C.W. Billingsly, National Research Council, Ottawa, Air Commodore R.W. Ryan, Ottawa, Colonel Duncan Graham, Ottawa and Banting Institute, F/L Ferguson of the low-temperature low-pressure medical lab at No.1 Initial Training School, Toronto, all know of this work. I have not ventured to discuss the matter with the Commanding Officer of No.1 I.T.S. // Stedman may have responded in the negative, for on 28 September 1941, Dr. Price wrote to him again, this time “Re Pilot Officer S.D. Turner”: // It was good of you to reply so completely and promptly to my request for transfer of this officer for duty at the Accelerator Hut, No.1 Initial Training School, Toronto, 1107 Avenue Road, phone MO (Mohawk) 4403. // I know, as you have found, that he is a good student, particularly at examinations. I also know in detail his electrical and mechanical experience. It suits our need. Therefore I tink it best to request transfer of Pilot Officer Turner at the earliest possible moment, rather than avail myself to your kind offer to search for another to meet a written specification. // If you can do so, I would appreciate your assistance by phone or otherwise to the Personnel Department regarding the real urgency of my need to quickly ger the information England wants without delay. // This was duly expedited; on 30 September 1941, A/V/M Harold Edwards instructed transfer of Turner to No.1ITS “in connection with the completion of the ‘Accelerator’ and other equipment in the low pressure chamber.” // RCAF Press Release No. 10667 dated 5 July 1945 from: SEAC (Field), transcribed by Huguette Mondor Oates, reads: // WITH THE RCAF IN South-East Asia: -- Forced off his course by atrocious weather and with fuel rapidly running out, F/O S.D. Turner of 2320-6th Street West, Calgary, captain of a RAF Liberator of the Indian Ocean Air Force, successfully ditched his aircraft in the Andaman Sea. Every member of the crew was picked up by a Dutch ship. The Liberator was returning from a long-distance sortie on which prevailing weather had caused a long delay in finding the target. “On the way back, we ran right into a fierce tropic storm,” said F/O Turner. “We were flying at 500 feet but the up and down air currents were terrific, and I decided to climb. At times, we were lifted upwards at high speed and forced downwards just as fast. This constant bumping about made us use a great deal of fuel.” // When only enough petrol to last another hour or so remained in the tanks, a steamer was sighted. “We flashed a message to attract its attention”, continued Turner, and decided that this was the best time to ditch the aircraft as we stood every chance of being picked up quickly.” // The sea was ideal for ditching and the Liberator put down on the water. Even so, the force of impact was sufficiently great to make a hole in the hull, and the wireless operator F/O J.H. Dorsey of Font Hill, Ontario, fell through it. It seemed as though he would be trapped under the Liberator, but he managed to force his way out and was pulled on to the wing by the Scottish second pilot. // The Liberator remained on the surface for twenty-six minutes but, by that time, the crew had taken to the two dinghies. The ship, a Dutch merchant vessel, approached and lowered lifeboats. Within an hour, the survivors were aboard. “We can’t speak too highly of the attention we received,” said Turner.

HODGSON, S/L Wesley Bert (C428) - Distinguished Flying Cross - No.90 Squadron - Award effective 4 November 1944 as per London Gazette dated 14 November 1944 and AFRO 239/45 dated 9 February 1945. Born in Kent, 22 October 1916; home in Inverness. RCAF 1936 until 5 November 1938 and RAF 1938-43. Transferred back to RCAF while in Britain, 7 November 1943 in rank of Squadron Leader. Repatriated to Canada 1 July 1945. To Western Air Command, 10 July 1945. To No.5 OTU, 15 July 1945; to Central Flying School, 17 September 1945; to Britain, 22 November 1945. Retains rank of Squadron Leader in postwar RCAF, 1 October 1945; promoted Wing Commander, 1 June 1947. Promoted Group Captain, 1 July 1954. Canadian War Museum has medals (AN 19790298-005). No citation other than "completed...numerous operations against the enemy in the course of which [he has] invariably displayed the utmost fortitude, courage and devotion to duty." Public Records Office Air 2/8827 has recommendation dated 21 August 1944 when he had flown 26 sorties (108 hours 13 minutes). // * denotes daylight sortie // 31 May 1944 - GARDENING Frisians (3.16) // 2 June 1944 - GARDENING Heyst-Flushing (2.03) // 3 June 1944 - GARDENING Knocke (2.06) // 5 June 1944 - Special Duties (5.07) // 12 June 1944 - Gelsenkirchen (3.22) // 21 June 1944 - Northern France (2.53) // 23 June 1944 - L'Hey (2.04) // 24 June 1944 - Rimeux (2.54) // 30 June 1944 - Villers Bocage (3.18) // 2 July 1944 - Beauvoir (3.20) // 15 July 1944 - Chalons (6.46) // 18 July 1944 - Caen (3.48)* // 18 July 1944 - Aulnoye (3.48) // 24 July 1944 - Acquet (3.38)* // 25 July 1944 - Stuttgart (8.00) // 28 July 1944 - Stuttgart (8.04) // 30 July 1944 - Caen (3.40)* // 1 August 1944 - Le Nieppe (2.31)* // 4 August 1944 - Bec d'Ambs (7.37)* // 5 August 1944 - Bassens (7.37)* // 7 August 1944 - Mare de Magne (3.40) // 9 August 1944 - Port d'Englos (2.19) // 11 August 1944 - Lens (3.25)* // 12 August 1944 - Brunswick (5.14) // 14 August 1944 - Hamel (3.52)* // 15 August 1944 - St.Trond airfield (3.41)* // This officer has carried out his operational duties at all times with the utmost energy, enthusiasm and determination. In a large number of sorties against a variety of highly important targets, his crew has achieved bombing results of consistent merit, and , in addition, on several occasions enemy aircraft have been successfully engaged. These successes are a direct reflection on Squadron Leader Hodgson's capable leadership, which has also been demonstrated to good effect when he has led the squadron with considerable skill on daylight attacks. In spite of his excellent operational record, he has at all times attended carefully to the organization of the Flight which he commands, with a resultant efficiency, which is yet another indication of his valuable service and leadership. I strongly recommend this officer for the award of the Distinguished Flying Cross. // Public Record Office Air 50/199 has a Combat Report for his sortie of 12/13 August 1944, target Brunswick, Lancaster ME838 “D”, 2342 hours, 8,000 feet, heading 120 magnetic, position 52.22 North 08.33 East, 2/10 cloud below, no moon, good visibility. No ground activity, fighter flares in distance astern. Rear Gunner was Sergeant Bourne (fired 400 rounds, 200 yards), Mid Upper Gunner was Sergeant McAllister (fired 50 rounds). Fighter opened fire 200 yards. Bomber corkscrewed starboard and lost 500 feet. Strikes on fighter, fire in engine, claimed probably destroyed. No damage to bomber. // Our aircraft 90/D outward bound to Brunswick, single engine enemy aircraft seen coming through cloud at 300 yards by Rear Gunner. Rear Gunner opened fire at 200 yards and ordered corkscrew starboard. Enemy aircraft opened fire but no strikes on 90/D. Rear Gunner claimed strikes on engine of enemy aircraft with short bursts. Enemy aircraft broke away on port quarter down with engine on fire and disappeared in cloud, Mid Upper did not see anything of enemy aircraft’s fire or it catching fire but he fired at Rear Gunner’s tracer.

MARTIN, Sergeant (now P/O) Leonard Frank (R80349/C42277) - Distinguished Flying Medal - No.419 Squadron - Award effective 27 June 1944 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 1861/44 dated 25 August 1944. Born 18 November 1922 in Winnipeg; home there (clerk, messenger boy); enlisted there 22 November 1940 as Airframe Mechanic and posted to No.2 Manning Depot, Brandon. To Technical Training School, 8 January 1941. Promoted AC1, 31 May 1941. To No.1 SFTS, 4 June 1941. Promoted LAC, 1 January 1942. To “Y” Depot, 20 April 1942. To RAF overseas, 30 April 1942; disembarked in Britain, 13 May 1942. To No.3071 Echelon, Catterick, 15 June 1942. To No.4 School of Technical Training, St Athan, Wales, 14 October 1942 for Flight Engineer course. To No.1659 Conversion Unit, 23 February 1943. To No.405 Squadron, 3 April 1943. To No.419 Squadron, 9 April 1943. Reclassified as Flight Engineer and promoted Sergeant, 8 February 1943. Promoted Flight Sergeant, 8 August 1943. Shot down, 16/17 September 1943 but evaded capture, reaching Gibraltar on 11 December 1943 and the United Kingdom on 15 January 1944. He had flown 22 sorties (145 operational hours). Commissioned 26 January 1944. Repatriated 3 February 1944. To Technical Training School, 3 April 1944. To No.5 OTU, 20 May 1944. Promoted Flying Officer, 26 July 1944. To Release Centre, 6 September 1945; retired 14 September 1945. Died in Winnipeg, 2 April 1995 as per Legion Magazine of September 1995. No published citation other than "In air operations this airman has displayed courage and fortitude of a high order." Ian Tavender records, in The Distinguished Flying Medal Register for the Second World War (London, Savanah Publications, 2000) the following recommendation dated 26 May 1944 as found in Public Record Office Air 2/9157. Sergeant Martin took part in 23 attacks on the enemy prior to being reported missing on the night of the 16th September 1943. His aircraft was shot down by a night fighter on that night and Sergeant Martin landed by parachute in Northern France. He proceeded to walk home as detailed in M.I.9/S/P.G.(-)1704, arriving at Whitchurch on 17th January 1944. I consider that this Non-Commissioned Officer's gallantry while operating with this squadron and the persistence and ingenuity shown by him while making his escape fully merits the immediate award of the Distinguished Flying Medal. Website “Lost Bombers” gives the following details of his being shot down. Halifax LW240 (VR-S), target Modane, 16/17 September 1943. Airborne at 1904 hours, 16 September 1943 from Middleton St.George. Homebound shot down by a night-fighter. Crew consisted of F/L A.N.Quaile, pilot (POW), Sergeant E.E.Bowden, RCAF (POW) Sergeant L.F.Martin, RCAF (evader), P/O L.E.Aspinall, RCAF (POW), P/O G.T.Graham, RCAF (evader, DFC), Flight Sergeant T.J.Bright (evader), F/O H.F.E.Smith, RCAF (evader, DFC), F/L B.L.Kenyon DFC (rear gunner, Squadron Gunnery Officer, on his 44th sortie.) Report K78B dated 1 February 1944 provides a further account of his being shot down in the Lisieux area on the homeward flight of 16/17 September 1943: About five minutes before the Halifax was due to cross the French coast on the return flight the Flight Engineer [Martin] left his seat and went to the astrodome, having just changed over to Nos.5 and 6 tanks. When he reached the astrodome he heard Monica giving a warning at a very rapid pace. The Halifax was flying straight and level at about 13,500 feet and the pilot asked whether anyone could see another aircraft. Almost immediately the enemy opened fire and as soon as he saw tracer Sergeant Martin had no difficulty in picking out the fighter which he recognized as a Ju.88. The enemy came up from below on the starboard quarters, crossed over the tail, the Rear Gunner got in one burst which scored hits on the starboard engine. Sergeant Martin saw flames break out in the wing and fuselage. When on the port beam the fighter leveled out for a few seconds and then turned on its starboard side and went straight down well alight. The Rear Gunner had not spoken during the attack, and the Halifax was undamaged, although some bullets had appeared to enter the nose. About half a minute later Sergeant Martin saw white tracer coming from astern, level and slightly to port. He immediately called out, at the same instant as the Mid-Upper Gunner, “Dive to Port”. The pilot did so at once but at the same moment shells hit them in the port wing smashing the aileron and starting fires close to both ends of the aileron which quickly spread as far forward as the tanks and appeared to be creeping towards the inner engine. Shells also entered the fuselage and one passed close to Sergeant Martin, destroying his escape kit and damaging one boot. The pilot now leveled up the Halifax and gave the order to bale out. The Mid-Upper Gunner asked him to try and hold on for a little longer. He did so for about a minute and then repeated the order to abandon aircraft. Sergeant Martin heard the Rear Gunner ask the pilot to hold the Halifax level while he left the turret and came forward to the rear door. He [Martin] then left the astrodome. As he crossed the rear spar he saw the Mid-Upper Gunner leave. When he reached the door flames were streaming back past it from the wing. He left immediately, rolling out on his side having removed his helmet. The slipstream seemed to catch him and shot him straight back under the tail. The parachute functioned well and he landed in trees on the edge of a forest near Fervaques. He remained suspended for about a hour until, by pulling on the cords, he managed to make the parachute slide off the tree tops. He fell about 30 feet, but the parachute broke his fall. He was unconscious for some time but was not seriously hurt. Notes: He estimated that he had baled out at 18,000 feet. Following his evasion he could not be operationally employed in the same theater and so was repatriated. On 22 March 1944 he expressed interest in taking an American Engines course and also in Aeronautical drafting. On 5 May 1944, W/C A. Marks, Commanding TTS St Thomas, wrote, in part, “Pilot Officer Martin has done much to encourage and uplift the morale of the early entrants of Flight Engineers and has proved to be of an industrious disposition but these factors alone do not appear to warrant his retention on the Establishment of the TTS. This officer, by reason on age and temperament, os not likely to settle down in the position of officer in charge training. He has the urge ti be up and doing in a sphere of operations and flying.” Assessed 29 August 1944 - “As an airmanship instructor (Engines) this officer carries out his duties to the best of his ability. His lecturing ability is rather weak, but should improve with experience. Recommended for promotion to Temporary Flying Officer in the service recommended..” (W/C H. Malkin, No.5 OTU).

HOBSON, S/L George Lionel (C4616) - Member, Order of the British Empire - No.10 SFTS - Award effective 14 June 1945 as per Canada Gazette of that date and AFRO 1127/45 dated 6 July 1945. Born in Ottawa, 27 January 1904. Educated at Glasham Public School, First Avenue Public School and Ottawa Technical School. Clerk with Canada Food Board and Canada Trade Commission. Joined the Air Board as a Rigger, 9 October 1920 at Camp Borden. Corporal as of August 1923. Confirmed as member of the RCAF at Camp Borden, 1 April 1924 in trade of Carpenter. Noted on 21 January 1925 that he had “specialized in the rigging of Avro 504K, and is familiar with Avro 504N and Camel.” To No.1 Depot, Ottawa, 1 April 1925. In July 1926 he was sent on temporary duty to Larder Lake to replace the tail of Vedette G-CYFS. To No.4 (Operations) Squadron, Dartmouth, 28 March 1927. Promoted Acting Sergeant, 1 August 1927. In October 1927 he proceeded with P/O C.L. Bath and 1007 Sergeant A.E. Anderson “for duty in connection with investigational flights carried out for Air Mail Routes, specifically Saint John to Montreal. To Ottawa Air Station, 15 December 1927. To High River, 13 May 1929. To Winnipeg Air Station, 31 March 1931. To Trenton, 28 February 1935. Confirmed in rank of Sergeant, 1 June 1936. Awarded Coronation Medal, 1937. To Station Ottawa, 30 July 1937. Promoted Flight Sergeant, 1 October 1938. Serving with No.2 (Army Cooperation) Squadron, he expressed in December 1939 that he had no wish to proceed overseas with No.110 Squadron. This did not help his career; it was recommended that he be released as soon as he met retirement standards or upon the cessation of hostilities. He was posted to St. Thomas, Ontario, 3 January 1940, and thence to No.4 Repair Depot, Dartmouth, 2 April 1940. Promoted WO2, 15 August 1940. Promoted WO1, 1 January 1941. Commissioned in Aeronautical Engineering Branch, 24 March 1941 and immediately given rank of Flying Officer. To No.2 Training Command, 15 April 1941. Promoted Flight Lieutenant, 1 September 1942. To No.10 SFTS, 18 November 1942. Promoted Squadron Leader, 1 February 1944. To No.3 BGS, 15 September 1944. To No.17 SFTS, 18 February 1945. To Western Air Command, 7 March 1945; to No.22 Sub-Repair Depot, 17 March 1945; to No.1 Air Command, 1 July 1945; to No.6 Repair Depot, 7 July 1945; to No.2 Release Centre, 17 April 1946. Retired 23 October 1946. Died in Ottawa, 21 August 1995 in Ottawa, aged 92. This officer has given many years of faithful, loyal service to the Royal Canadian Air Force. As chief engineering officer at his present unit, his professional ability, unswerving devotion to duty and loyalty to the service have produced excellent results and have provided an inspiring example to all personnel who have come in contact with him. He has been a very worthwhile contribution [contributor ?] to the success of the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan. Selected Assessments: “Carries out his duties in a most satisfactory manner.” (S/L R.S. Grandy, Winnipeg Air Station, 28 December 1928). “A good Rigger and Carpenter. Works quickly and thoroughly. Capable of exercising authority.” (S/L E.L. McLeod, Winnipeg Air Station, 31 December 1932). “A capable and reliable NCO. He is thoroughly conversant with the aircraft in use and as NCO in charge of riggers, organizes and supervises the work in a most commendable manner.” (S/L A.H. Hull, No.2 Army Cooperation Squadron, 10 December 1936. “Has been acting as Assistant to the Command Trade Test Officer since being posted to this Headquarters on 8 April 1941. Has a wide knowledge of RCAF trades and Service procedure gained through his service with CAF and RCAF sine 1920. This knowledge particularly adapts him for the duties of a Trade Test Officer or Engineer Officer. Very conscientious, defendable in his work and loyal to service. Well liked by all senior and junior ranks with whom he comes on contact and is giving highly satisfactory service in every way.” (W/C G.R. Hicks, Commanding Officer, Headquarters Administration Unit,, No.1 Training Command, Montreal, 10 December 1941) “Has been Chief Engineer Officer at this unit for approximately one month. Performing duties in a most satisfactory manner, and it is expected that his efforts will shortly result in a marked improvement in the maintenance efficiency of this Unit.” (G/C W.F.C. Hobson, No.3 BGS, 2 November 1944).

FERGUSON, W/C James Kenneth Wallace (C4085) - Member, Order of the British Empire - No.1 Composite Training School - Award effective 14 June 1945 as per Canada Gazette of that date and AFRO 1127/45 dated 6 July 1945. See Canadian Who’s Who, 1968. Born 18 March 1907 at Tamsui, Formosa as per RCAF Press Release reporting award. Educated at University of Toronto (BA, MA, MD, 1932, specializing in Biology). Assistant professor at University of Toronto. Enlisted in Toronto, 3 February 1941 in Medical Branch; initial posting uncertain. Granted rank of Flight Lieutenant, 3 May 1941. Promoted Squadron Leader, 15 January 1942. To AFHQ, 24 January 1943. To No.1 ITS, 5 August 1943. Promoted Wing Commander, 1 April 1944. To No.1 Composite Training School, 8 January 1945. Retired 24 September 1945. After the war he returned to teaching and became Professor of Pharmacology and Head of that department at the University of Toronto. Died in Toronto, 13 December 1999, as which time his awards were listed as MA, MD, MBE, FRSC, and Order of Ontario. CMA obituary read, in part, “His research work included developing an understanding of uterine contractions during childbirth. During the war, he helped develop an oxygen mask for pilots that did not freeze at high altitudes. He was one of the few aviation medicine researchers to be awarded the MBE. After the war he developed an interest in addiction medicine; along with Dr. Gordon Bell, he worked to develop a new drug, Temposil, to treat alcoholism. "Ferguson and Bell began to experiment with a compound that included cyanamid," the National Post reported. "They tested it on themselves at home, after drinking martinis." Of possible note is an article by R.J.F. Baskett, “James Kenneth Wallace Ferguson: A Life in Canadian Medical Research”, Annual Report of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, 1996 (Volume 29), page 105 to 108. Wing Commander Ferguson has made an outstanding contribution to the safety and efficiency of aircrew in the design of the Royal Canadian Air Force oxygen mask. This mask was the first to eliminate the serious hazard produced by blockage of the oxygen supply from freezing. Several of the distinctive features of the mask are incorporated in oxygen equipment at present used by the Royal Air Force and the United States Army Air Force. Wing Commander Ferguson has also made valuable contributions to the development of other oxygen equipment by fundamental studies on respiratory physiology and the effects of high altitude. In addition, he has been responsible for the direction of research at No.1 Clinical Investigation Unit, Toronto, on the design of protective clothing and emergency equipment for aircrew and the physiological effects of low pressure, cold, heat and noise. This officer's contribution to the service has been outstanding and of immeasurable value. NOTE: Awarded Order of Ontario (OOnt) in 1999 while living in Thornhill, Ontario. His citation shows the important research role he has played in Canadian medicine: Dr. James Ferguson, of Thornhill, is considered an important figure in the history of medical research in Canada. His prolific medical career includes the discovery of the utero-pituitary reflex, later called the Ferguson Reflex. During World War II, Dr. Ferguson helped develop a Canadian oxygen mask which was not prone to freezing. From 1955 to 1972, was the Director of Connaught Medical Research Labs, during which he oversaw the development and production of a polio vaccine. RCAF Press Release 3779 dated 11 August 1944 deals with a project that involved F/L F.E.J. Fry (MBE) and W/C J.K.W. Ferguson (MBE) - an oxygen regulating valve. See entry for Fry for details.

EMARD, W/C Joseph Medard Ladislas (C4032) - Member, Order of the British Empire - No.3 Training Command Headquarters - Award effective 26 May 1944 as per London Gazette of that date and AFRO 1380/44 dated 30 June 1944. Born in Embrun, Ontario; educated in Montreal (primary, secondary, University of Montreal medical graduate 1927). Director of Medical Services, Notre Dame Hospital; enlisted in Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps; transferred to RCAF in Montreal, 16 November 1940. Granted rank of Wing Commander as of 15 June 1941. Left No.3 Training Command Headquarters on 9 December 1944 and taken on strength of No.3 PRC, Bournemouth as of 9 January 1945. Repatriated 7 July 1945. To Lachine, 17 September 1945. Retired 25 September 1945. RCAF photo PL-45535 (ex UK-24080 dated 13 August 1945) shows him at Repatriation Depot; caption says in part, “While overseas, W/C Emard was attached to the Directorate of Medical Services in London in charge of hospitalisation, treatment and medical boards of RCAF personnel and repatriation of all medical cases.” Obstetrician and Gynaecology in Cornwall, Ontario after the war. Used Ladislas as his first name. This officer has been employed as Principal Medical Officer of the Command for the past three years. He has fulfilled this position in a most consistent and creditable manner and, through his tireless efforts and unstinted devotion to duty, is mainly responsible for the present efficient functioning of the medical branch in this Command.